Aim of studyingto understand importance of support structures; types of structures, types and main causes of failure. Design of retaining and sheet-pile walls according to traditional methodology and the methodology defined by Eurocode 7. Drainage. Main techniques for improving site soils for foundation

Content of discipline in themes:

1. Retaining walls. steady-state pressure; Rankine and Coulomb earth pressure theory; type of retaining walls and type of failure modes; retaining wall design: global factor design and partial factor design according to Eurocode 7; wall drainage

2. Sheet-pile walls. types of sheet-pile walls; design of cantilevered, anchored sheet-pile walls and multi-anchored tieback walls; the importance of numerical methods; supervision of construction, monitoring and maintenance in retaining structures

3. Ground improvement techniques; preloading; vertical drains; grouting methods: permeation grouting, compaction grouting, fracture and compensation grouting, and jet-grouting; injected and helical micropiles.